The role of cognitive individual differences in digital versus pen-and-paper writing

It is unknown whether and to what extent cognitive individual differences may play different roles in paper versus computer-based second language (L2) writing. This exploratory study a first attempt explore this issue, focusing on the effects of working memory aptitude quality L2 writing performance. Forty-two Spanish learners English performed problem-solving task either digitally or paper, took n-back test, completed LLAMA tests measure aptitude. The their written texts was assessed terms complexity, accuracy fluency (CAF) measures. results indicated that role vary depending environment.